cleat - A ladder crosspiece of rectangular cross section placed on edge upon which a person may step while ascending or descending a ladder.
double-cleat ladder - A ladder with a center rail to allow simultaneous two-way traffic for employees ascending or descending.
failure - Load refusal, breakage or separation of components.
fixed ladder - A ladder that cannot be readily moved or carried because it is an integral part of a building or structure.
handrail - A rail used to provide employees with a handhold for support.
job-made ladder - A ladder that is fabricated by employees, typically at the construction site; noncommercially manufactured.
load refusal - The point where the structural members lose their ability to carry the load.
point of access - All areas used by employees for work-related passage from one area or level to another.
portable ladder - A ladder that can be readily moved or carried.
riser height - The vertical distance from the top of a tread or platform/landing to the top of the next higher tread or platform/landing.
side-step fixed ladder - A fixed ladder that requires a person to get off at the top to step to the side of the ladder side rails to reach the landing.
single-cleat ladder - A ladder consisting of a pair of side rails connected together by cleats, rungs or steps.
stair rail system - A vertical barrier erected along the unprotected sides and edges of a stairway to prevent employees from falling to lower levels.
temporary service stairway - A stairway where permanent treads and/or landings are to be filled in at a later date.
through fixed ladder - A fixed ladder that requires a person getting off at the top to step between the side rails of the ladder to reach the landing.
tread depth - The horizontal distance from front to back of a tread, excluding nosing, if any.
